научная статья по теме HIGH JET POWER PLANT Комплексное изучение отдельных стран и регионов

Текст научной статьи на тему «HIGH JET POWER PLANT»

ВЕТРОЭНЕРГЕТИКА

WIND ENERGY

Статья поступила в редакцию 09.10.14. Ред. рег. № 2107

The article has entered in publishing office 09.10.14. Ed. reg. No. 2107

УДК 621.548

ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЯ НА ВЫСОТНОМ СТРУЙНОМ ТЕЧЕНИИ

В.М. Лятхер

ООО «Новая Энергетика» 125363 Москва, ул. Штурвальная, д. 5, корп. 1, кв. 129 Тел./факс: 7(499)492-53-84 New Energetics Inc.

563 Bartow La., Richmond Hts., OH 44143 USA Тел.: 1(216)272-6765; e-mail: vlyatkher@sbcglobal.net; lyatkhervm@yandex.ru

Заключение совета рецензентов: 15.10.14 Заключение совета экспертов: 20.10.14 Принято к публикации: 25.10.14

Рассмотрена конструкция ветровой электростанции большой мощности, располагаемой в зоне струйных течений атмосферы. Станция состоит из ортогональных турбин, объединенных в пространственную конструкцию, соединенную с землей газонаполненным тросом с электропроводной оболочкой. Положение станции может контролироваться за счет управления вектором сил, действующих на турбины. Этот контроль осуществляется путем подачи струй в пограничный слой рабочих лопастей турбины. Рассмотрены варианты схем создания таких струй. Даются экономические оценки, подтверждающие высокую эффективность предложения.

Ключевые слова: ветровая электростанция, струйные течения в атмосфере, управление циркуляцией на лопастях турбин, управление вектором сил.

HIGH JET POWER PLANT V.M. Lyatkher

New Energetics 129 Shturvalnaya str., 5, corp.1, Moscow, 123363, Russia Tel./fax: 7(499)492-53-84 New Energetics Inc.

563 Bartow La., Richmond Hts., OH 44143 USA Tel.: 1(216)272-67-65; e-mail: vlyatkher@sbcglobal.net; lyatkhervm@yandex.ru

Referred: 15.10.14 Expertise: 20.10.14 Accepted: 25.10.14

The considered design of a wind power plant big capacity, located in the area of jet streams in the atmosphere. The station consists of orthogonal turbines, combined in a three-dimensional construction connected with the ground gas-filled cable with conductive shell. The position of the station can be controlled by controlling the vector forces acting on the turbine. This control is exercised by filing jets in a boundary layer of the working blades of the turbine. The variants of schemes for the creation of such jets. Given the economic evaluation, confirming the high efficiency of the proposal.

Keywords: wind power, jet stream, control circulation on blades of turbine, vector force control.

Виктор Михайлович Лятхер

Сведения об авторе: д-р техн. наук, профессор, генеральный директор компании New Energetics Ltd (Москва) и президент компании New Energetics Inc. (США).

Образование: Московский энергетический институт (МЭИ), мех.-мат. МГУ.

Область научных интересов: научные исследования и разработки в области гидравлического моделирования; гидравлики рек, озер и потоков океана; гидрологии, управления водными ресурсами, сейсмологии и сейсмостойкого строительства; гидроэнергетики, энергии приливов и отливов и строительства ветроэнергетического оборудования.

Our purpose is proposal to create operating demonstration wind power plant capacity 50-100 MW, having high economic efficiency at full ecological safety [1]. It is very important that this object can be

used to place the high-power laser system, scanning a significant portion of airspace in the area of the object, and is able to kill any body, unauthorized crossing this space, it is also Important that the proposed system is

№ 18 (158) Международный научный журнал

robust even in Autonomous conditions at the breakage of the mechanical linkage with the earth.

Proposal refers to wind-power engineering, namely to wind power plants that use the energy of altitude jet streams. Technical result consists in efficiency coefficient increase, material-output ratio decrease, plant safety improvement, provision of secure communication with the land. Altitude wind power plant includes aerodynamic components in a form of a framework, the units of which are located on the elliptical surface; the framework is connected with ground support by cables and on the framework along its span there located are orthogonal well-balanced bladed rotors arranged at an obtuse angle in relation to each other. The cables are performed in a form of sectional hoses, the sections of which are filled with helium and are connected by gates. Rotors are located between framework units, their blades are equipped with jet devices of circulation control. The jet management in the boundary layer of the blades may be formed from an air tank with high pressure or formed during the combustion of the fuel mixture fed into the internal cavity of the blades.

There is known an altitude aerostatic plant that holds aircraft performed in a form of cargo-carrying kite, the load-bearing surface of which has annular wing consisting of aerodynamic components with different in curvation and chord by span. Around the periphery of the ring there arranged are wind-engines behind the rear edge of the aerodynamic components and wind-engines in horizontal plan before aerodynamic elements, note that the engines have different rotation direction. Each wind-engine has a compressor of centrifugal type, speed-increasing gear and blade propeller mechanically connected with each other, flow parts are interconnected by connection of the outlet of the following part with the inlet of the previous one. Note that the outlet of the last compressor is connected with the input of power machine located on land by pressure hose [2]. The disadvantage of this decision is the need to use aerostatic structure as well as insufficient security of the system in case of land fixture rupture.

There known is a wind plant for high altitudes [3]. It consists of load-carrying surface along the span of which there located is a sectional wind-catching device with generators attached with the help of attaching elements on the support. Wind plant has a fixed balloon in a form of load-carrying surface with an empennage. Along the span of load-carrying surface there is a sectional wind-catching device formed by several multi-blade rotors with horizontal rotation axis located close to each other. Rotor annular rim is installed with the possibility of rotation at roller supports attached in cantilever fashion on load-carrying surface, where there installed is a two-shaft generator. The disadvantage of this decision is the need to use aerostatic structure, rotors with horizontal rotation axis, lack of secure connection with the land.

There known is "the best invention of 2008y" SWP technology (www.skywindpower.com) using 4 HAWT located vertically in the angles of the frame, connected with the ground by the cable-tross. The disadvantage of this decision is the low efficiency of the wind power system in cross wind flow.

Technical results of the our proposed unit are: efficiency coefficient increase, material-output ratio decrease, plant safety improvement, provision of secure communication with the land. Technical results are achieved by the fact that in altitude wind power plant consisting of load-carrying aerodynamic component connected with ground support by means of cables and orthogonal well-balanced bladed rotors arranged at an obtuse angle in relation to each other along its span the aerodynamic component is performed in a form of a framework, the units of which are located at elliptical surface, cables are in a form of sectional hoses, the sections of which are filled with helium and are connected by gates, rotors are located between framework units with their blades equipped with jet devices of circulation control. Furthermore, in wind power plant rotor blades are made with channels for air supply control through the holes on blades surface into jets that control the circulation around the blades. This provides the possibility to control the value and direction of total average lifting force that is applied to rotors and plant in general.

Orthogonal rotors rotate in opposite directions providing the balancing of torques and lateral forces. Jet devices in rotor blades designed for local circulation control increase plant power generation and, if necessary, in condition of no wind at plant lifting and lowering create lifting force, direction and value that can be changed allowing plant control as an aircraft. Rotor axes form obtuse angle that provides system turning down the wind and its stable balance. In case of cable rupture or one of rotor destruction the plant overturns and smoothly lands to the ground maintaining automatic control by radio beacon station. The sections of the cable, performed in a form of hoses, and some elements of the frame are filled with helium under excessive pressure and create lifting force of cable allowing optimization of wind plant position by height. The main constructive ideas of the balanced turbines are protected by patents of Russia [4], patents of the USA - Lyatkher V.M. [5] and Gorlov A.M. [6]. New innovative technologies and materials can improve the yield and power of wind turbines and can improve the ratio energy yield investing costs. Currently parallel developments are the R&D activities in the field of high altitude wind turbines. The power and maximal energy will increase for these turbines, because of the higher average wind speed at higher altitudes. This will increase the economic feasibility of wind energy. In Fig. 1 distribution of streams of wind power over Moscow at different times is shown years.

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Рис. 1. Изолинии потоков энергии ветра (кВт/м ) в струйном течении над Москвой Fig. 1. Isolines of mean streams of wind power (kW/m2) over Moscow

Рис. 2. Плотность потока энергии ветра (кВт/м ) с вероятностью превышения 5, 32, 50, 68, 95% по данным измерений NCEP/Департамент Энергии США в период 1979-2006 гг. на разной высоте от Земли для разных городов (b-f) и в среднем по поверхности Земли (а) -данные Кристины Арчер и Кена Кальдейра [7] Fig. 2. Wind power density (kW/m2) that was exceeded 5%, 32%, 50%, 68%, and 95% of the time du

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