научная статья по теме IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING INNOVATIVE PROJECTS IN THE FORESTRY SECTOR Экономика и экономические науки

Текст научной статьи на тему «IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROMISING INNOVATIVE PROJECTS IN THE FORESTRY SECTOR»

Impact of management for the implementation of promising innovative projects in the forestry sector

М.А. Muravieva,

канд. экон. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры таможенного дела и маркетинга, Брянский государственный университет имени академика И. Г. Петровского (241036, Россия, г. Брянск, ул. Бежицкая, д. 14; e-mail: mary.zhm@yandex.ru) О^. Nazarova,

канд. пед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры таможенного дела и маркетинга, Брянский государственный университет имени академика И.Г. Петровского (241036, Россия, г. Брянск, ул. Бежицкая, д. 14; e-mail: ol-ga1600@yandex.ru)

V.V. Silaeva,

канд. экон. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры таможенного дела и маркетинга, Брянский государственный университет имени академика И. Г. Петровского (241036, Россия, г. Брянск, ул. Бежицкая, д. 14; e-mail: si-laev73@yandex.ru)

T.G. Rebrina,

канд. пед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры таможенного дела и маркетинга, Брянский государственный университет имени академика И. Г. Петровского (241036, Россия, г. Брянск, ул. Бежицкая, д. 14; e-mail: t.nasonova@bk.ru)

Аннотация. Статья посвящена такому перспективному направлению в области инновационных проектов в лесном секторе экономики как производство пеллет. Отражена значимость данного направления, указаны перспективы его развития как в нашей стране, так и за рубежом. Приведены примеры, говорящие о низком уровне проработки данных проектов инициаторами, инвесторами и менеджментом в России. Современное развитие данного рынка характеризуется положительной динамикой роста объемов потребления и цен на продукцию, увеличением числа участников рынка, ростом числа производителей и увеличением объемов выпуска энергетического оборудования для сжигания именно пеллет.

Abstract. The article is devoted to this promising area of innovative projects in the forestry sector such as the production of wood pellets. It reflects the importance of this area, given the prospects of its development both in Russia and abroad. The examples which show a low level study of these projects initiators, investors and management in Russia. The modern development of this market is characterized by positive dynamics of growth in consumption and prices of products, increasing the number of market participants, the growing number of producers and the increase in volume of production of energy equipment for burning pellets is.

Ключевые слова: лесной сектор экономики, биотопливо, инновации, управление, пеллеты, инвестиции, спрос, предложение.

Keywords: forestry sector, biofuels, innovation, management, pellets, investment, demand, supply.

Bioenergy development is a priority promising innovative projects of the European Union in the forestry sector, which recommends increasing the use of clean fuels in the EU by 2020, in 2 times. [7]

In fact, bio-energy in Europe is developing rapidly these recommendations. Commission unconventional fuels EC concluded that the consumption of wood pellets increased by 30% per year. In 2012, it amounted to 12% of all used energy sources, and in 2014 more than 18%. [4]

The main consumers of wood pellets in Europe are Western European countries and Scandinavia. Among them are Sweden, Denmark, Austria, Germany, and to a lesser extent Finland, industrial power equipment that is focused on the direct burning of wood waste. Sweden, for example, consumes annually 1.28 million tones of pellets, of which 200 thousand tones purchases in Canada. In Germany, demand for pellets is satisfied only 42 - 45 % per-

cent. Denmark planned to transfer another very large boiler in Copenhagen from coal to pellets. This will entail an additional demand of 200 thousand tones of pellets. Another one boiler Copenhagen works on one of the transfer modules with the natural gas into pellets. This will be another 400 thousand tones additional tons of pellets annually. The increasing demand in Denmark has a major impact on trade flows and lead to an increase in exports of pellets in Denmark. In Austria and Germany increased consumption of pellets in the private sector, an average of 2% per year. UK plans by 2020 to increase the production and consumption of wood pellets up to 600 thousand tones. [5]

To date, the growth rate of the market wood pellets are very high. Prices, according to the website IV I & E GmbH (AMANDUS KAHL, Germany), is constantly growing by an average of 10% per year. [5]

Journal of Economy and entrepreneurship, Vol. 9, Nom. 8-2

The market demand for pellets of different quality: dark - with a high content of bark and bright - the content of the bark, which does not exceed 5%. In Denmark, the number of power plants to consume pellets of pure bark. Some countries do not consume the pellets at a cost per ton, while the cost of the number of heat releases (Finland).

Modern development of wood pellets markets can be characterized by the following features:

• the positive dynamics of growth in consumption and prices of products;

• increasing the number of market players, mainly due to Eastern European countries (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and others.), The Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) and Russia;

• increasing the number of producers and the increase in volume of production of energy equipment for burning pellets is;

• an increase in pellet consumption in Europe by 2012 is 1.8 - 2 times (according to the Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection Germany);

• increase in the index wood fuel consumption over the last decade by an average of 15% per year.

Also important is the fact that the market granulated biofuel began to show great interest in cross-national oil companies. Thus, the Norwegian company Statoil has had a marketing pellets market, and decided to invest the construction of a factory for the production of pellets in Norway, and possibly - a factory for the production of pellets in Russia. Shell company owns a factory for the production of wood pellets in Denmark.

Dynamics of production and consumption of wood pellets to European countries, the main consumers and producers of pellets according to the European Pellet Center is shown in Table 1. [6]

These tables clearly reflect the positive dynamics of production and consumption of wood pellets in Europe - the main market participant's wood pellets.

Increased consumption of pellets in these countries is on average 20% per year. Particularly high growth achieved over the past year, Germany -35%, Austria - 33%.

Slower growth in consumption of wood pellets in Sweden and Denmark to 10 - 12% per year due to the fact that these countries have started to deal with renewable energy long before other market participants, in the early 90s of the last century, and their markets have stabilized. However, Sweden and Denmark have the largest consumption are the main importers of pellets in Europe, respectively, 248 and 232 thousand tons in 2012.

Pellets production in the above mentioned countries in 2012 amounted to 1847 thousand tones of. Own consumption of 2137 thousand tones. The total capacity of the consumer market today is estimated at 2530 thousand tons a year. The deficit for these countries is now 400 thousand tons per year.

In the coming years the consumption of pellets in them will only increase, and taking into ac-

count the rapidly developing markets of the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Norway, France, the deficit could reach up to 1500 thousand tons per year.

Increased consumption of pellets in Europe is due to several reasons:

• limitation of CO2 emissions under the Kyoto agreement, and in connection with the transition to clean, renewable fuels;

• replacement of obsolete power equipment for environmental boilers and furnace under granular fuel;

• the construction of large power plants to biofuel (mainly Scandinavian countries);

• the introduction of preferential taxation, public subsidies using lightweight cushioning conditions for power equipment operating on renewable energy sources;

• pellet consumption growth in the private sector for the heating of houses and cottages (Germany, Austria, Finland).

Table 1

Dynamics of production and consumption of wood pellets in Europe the main consumer and producer goods, thous., tones

Count ries Years Demand Production Export Consumption Impo rt

2010 850 782 0 906 174

c (D 2011 840 767 36 902 172

(D g 2012 930 869 6 1129 266

tn 2013 1040 946 14 1280 248

2010 400 173 0 373 200

Π2011 430 181 0 396 215

E c 2012 460 195 0 414 219

Q 2013 480 211 0 443 232

2010 130 110 30 80 0

Π2011 160 140 30 110 0

W 2012 240 180 40 140 0

< 2013 370 270 60 210 0

2010 24 6 3 24 21

c TO 2011 72 56 11 67 22

E 2012 123 90 24 91 25

O 2013 227 180 65 140 25

2010 180 75 60 15 0

■a 2011 270 126 97 24 5

ra c 2012 330 173 134 39 0

u_ 2013 410 240 168 64 8

2010 0 0 0 0 0

o x: 3 2011 0 0 0 0 0

O 3 CD £p 2012 0 0 0 0 0

o <r 2013 0 140 140 0 0

2010 0 0 0 0 0

■a 2011 0 0 0 0 0

2012 40 20 20 0 0

CL 2013 260 140 139 1 0

2010 0 0 0 0 0

■a c 2011 40 1 0 1 0

2012 40 1 0 1,2 0,2

UJ 2013 96 5 3 2 0

Russia is one of the most promising biofuel providers (such as pellets) to the markets of Western Europe, Scandinavia, because today a lot of waste timber is often stockpiled, not to mention the waste of logging. Bioenergy as an industry in our country is not developed, lack of infrastructure, the internal market. As for the Western European and Scandinavian energy companies, they are very interested in Russia as a potential exporter of bioenergy raw materials. This is due to the requirements, the need for a quota of energy produced by biofuels.

Was mentioned above that the pellets are a priority area for development in the bioenergy market in Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, and others. The experience of these countries shows that the impetus for the development of bioenergy is government support. The demand for wood pellets is outstripping supply, it is associated with a deficit of raw materials for the production of pellets, mainly waste from the p

Для дальнейшего прочтения статьи необходимо приобрести полный текст. Статьи высылаются в формате PDF на указанную при оплате почту. Время доставки составляет менее 10 минут. Стоимость одной статьи — 150 рублей.

Показать целиком