научный журнал по истории и историческим наукам Российская археология ISSN: 0869-6063

Архив научных статейиз журнала «Российская археология»

  • КРАСКА В НАСКАЛЬНОМ ИСКУССТВЕ ОКУНЕВСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ МИНУСИНСКОЙ КОТЛОВИНЫ

    ВАЛЬТЕР Ф., ЕСИН Ю.Н., МАГАЙ Ж., РУССЕЛЬЕР Э. — 2014 г.

    The article is devoted to the use of paint in the rock art of the Okunev culture of the Minusinsk basin at the Northern-Eastern outskirt of the Central Asia in the second half of the 3 rd - the beginning of the 2 nd millennium BC. A new classification of painting has been developed which taking into consideration the technological role of paint in creating a visual image (individual or supportive role) and its color (monochromatic, red or black, or dichromatic). The dichromatic compositions, existence of which in the Okunev culture was unknown earlier, have been studied and reconstructed for the first time. It has been discovered as a result of laboratory research of paint tests that the main pigment of red color was hematite (three tests) and one sample contained a large amount of ochre. In all samples the pigment was mixed with grains of crystal. The black color (two tests) consists of charcoal (which in prospective gives an opportunity to date straightly the monuments of the Okunev rock art, and also the studying of the used wood species), and its laying probably was being made by rubbing. Using black and red colors in the Okunev culture rock art and the presence of dichromatic images have the closest analogues in the Karakol culture art of Altay. The similarity can also be seen in the style, especially with Early Okunev culture images. This similarity is of such a level that two variants of one picture tradition can be discussed.

  • КРОПОТОВ В.В. ФИБУЛЫ САРМАТСКОЙ ЭПОХИ. КИЕВ, 2010

    СКРИПКИН А.С. — 2014 г.

  • КРУГЛЫЙ СТОЛ “ЭТНИЧНОСТЬ В АРХЕОЛОГИИ ИЛИ АРХЕОЛОГИЯ ЭТНИЧНОСТИ?”

    ЯБЛОНСКИЙ Л.Т. — 2014 г.

  • КУЛЬТУРА ДОЛЛЬКАЙМ-КОВРОВО (САМБИЙСКО-НАТАНГИЙСКАЯ): ПОДХОДЫ К ДЕФИНИЦИЯМ ОБЩНОСТИ

    ХОМЯКОВА О.А. — 2014 г.

    The article considers the definitions of the West Baltic circle and the archaeological community of the first centuries of the first millennium AD situated on the territory of modern Kaliningrad peninsula. The problem of its denomination and correlation with the "group" and "culture" is also covered in this work. The community was detached by O. Tishler and later considered repeatedly in a range of works of the beginning of the 20 th c. including K. Engel who gave the most extensive definition. In the second half of the 20 th c. this definition was developed by the archaeologists of the Polish school. The archaeologists of the former USSR have also made their own approaches to the studying of this community. Nowadays the community is considered to be one of the cultures of the West Baltic circle. There are two definitions of it - "Sambian-Natangiyan culture" and "Dollkeim-Kovrovo culture". They reflect two different academic approaches to the notion "archaeological culture" - the former connects it straightly with its ethnic group and the latter cast doubt on the direct correlation of archaeological classification and group identification with ethnicity.

  • КУРГАН V В. ДО Н.Э. У С. ТУРИЯ В ДНЕПРОВСКОЙ ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ

    ДИДЕНКО С.В., МОГИЛОВ А.Д. — 2014 г.

    The barrow 459 near the village Tur'ia, in Novomyrgorod district of Kirovograd region (former Chigirin county of Kyiv province), was explored in 1905 by count А.А. Bobrinsky, the head of Imperial Archeologi-cal Committee. Soon after the researches in 1907, the artifacts were delivered to the Emperor Nikolai Alex-androvich Art-Industrial and Scientific Museum where the part of them has been preserved till the present. Under the barrow a big looted tomb with two skeletons and grave goods were discovered. The grave goods are presented by the parts of a horse's bridle: bits, cheek-pieces, brasses, pendent and a Greek black-figured kylix, dated by the end of the first quarter - the middle of the 5 th century B.C. Probably the representatives of the middle circles of the horseman elite were buried there.

  • МАТЕРИАЛЫ ИЗ РАСКОПОК ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЛИНИСТИЧЕСКОГО ВРЕМЕНИ ДАШЛЫ 45 (КААХКИНСКИЙ РАЙОН, ТУРКМЕНИСТАН)

    ПИЛИПКО В.Н. — 2014 г.

    The article presents the results of the explorative excavations of the small settlement Dashly-45 which is situated approximately in 100 km to the East of Ashkhabad. The founded pottery complex is dated to the 3 rd c. B.C.

  • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ НАУЧНО-ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ “НАСЛЕДИЕ ЗАПАДНОГО ТЮРКСКОГО КАГАНАТА В КОНТЕКСТЕ РАЗВИТИЯ МИРОВОЙ ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИИ”. АСТАНА, 2013

    БОТАЛОВ С.Г., ДОСЫМБАЕВА А.М. — 2014 г.

  • МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ СЕМИНАР «РАННЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И “КНЯЖЕСКАЯ” КУЛЬТУРА НА СЕВЕРНОМ КАВКАЗЕ В КОНЦЕ АНТИЧНОСТИ - НАЧАЛЕ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЯ» (МАХАЧКАЛА, 2013)

    ГАДЖИЕВ М.С., МАСТЫКОВА А.В. — 2014 г.

  • МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ СИМПОЗИУМ "СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ДРЕВНЕЙ КЕРАМИКИ В АРХЕОЛОГИИ". М., 2013

    ЦЕТЛИН Ю.Б. — 2014 г.

  • МЕЖЭТНИЧЕСКИЕ КОНТАКТЫ РАННЕГО СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЯ В ВЕРХНЕМ ПОНЕМАНЬЕ

    ВИТЯЗЬ С.П. — 2014 г.

    The article discusses Balto-Slavic contacts in Upper Neman, based on the generalized results of archaeological studies. The statement, that the forming of a wide contact line but not a sharp border region has become the result of the mentioned contacts suggested by researches, is pointed out. The ethnic context of the contact line is mostly Eastern Slavic and Western Baltic (the Dregoviches and Yatvingians) but not Eastern Slavic and Eastern Baltic as it has been assumed before.

  • МОГИЛЬНИКИ С КРЕМАЦИЯМИ НА СРЕДНЕЙ ОКЕ ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ I ТЫС. Н.Э

    СЫРОВАТКО А.С. — 2014 г.

    The article summarizes an archaeological material, which were received as a result of the last years' excavations on the sites, essentially new for Moscow region, barrows with cremations. At present eight points of barrows with cremations have been discovered in the middle river Oka: Staraya Ryazan, two barrows Schurovo, two barrows Sokolov ashram, barrows Luzhki E and Luzhki 11, and one burial in Serpukhov. These barrows are dated back to different times - from the 5 th century AD (the Sokolov ashram 1), 6 th-7 th centuries (the Schurovo burial, Staraya Ryazan), 9 th-10 th centuries (the Schurovo - phreatic, the Luzhki E, the Sokolov ashram 2). The exact date of the barrow Luzhki 11 is not identified but can be put in the second half of the 1 st millennium AD. The Serpukhovo burial is not dated. The most part of the burials has been made according to the cremation right on the side with the remains' spreading on the ancient daily surface. For some of them the existence of some kind of vessel from organic materials can be suggested. The burials in urns are rare: there are two proven cases in burials Schurovo and Luzhki E, although near bones' lenses the vessel-ancillas are often found. Specific mortuary constructions - “the mortuary houses” (the Schurovo barrow cemetery, five objects) and original cremations on the specific wooden covering (two constructions, the Luzhki E barrow) - are quite rare. The cremations both with burnt things and without them and also some amount of burnt things without bones are also known on all barrows. The finds do not have any cultural identification and are typical for whole Eastern Europe in the Migration Period and the Vikings' epoch. The author leaves the question, whether there is a succession between these two sites and also to the Early Iron Age cultures, open. However, during the second half of the 1 st millennium AD this unusual mortuary right existed exactly on this part of the river Oka bed, whereas, nothing similar was found on the neighboring territories.

  • МОСКВОРЕЦКИЕ ПАМЯТНИКИ ФАТЬЯНОВСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

    КРЕНКЕ Н.А. — 2014 г.

    The article considers new materials received while studying the sites of the Fatyanovo culture of the Bronze epoch in the Moskva river basin (the settlements RANIS-floodplain, ZBS-4, ZBS-5, Tsaritsyn 1, the burial Lutsino-Gazovik). The group of the proto Fatyanovo antiques has been determined. The suggestion has been made that the population groups who bore the traditions of the culture of Sphere Amphorae, the culture of Baltics Corded Ware and the Epicorded Ware culture of the Western Ukraine and Poland were taking part in developing the Fatyanovo culture. The new chronological frames of the Fatyanovo culture, which stay within the interval of the second half of the 3 rd millennium BC, were suggested. The steps in the developing of the shapes and ceramics ornaments were determined.

  • МУЗЕЕФИКАЦИЯ ПАМЯТНИКОВ НАСКАЛЬНОГО ИСКУССТВА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ХАКАСИЯ

    МИКЛАШЕВИЧ Е.А. — 2014 г.

    The article considers the experience of the museumification of the rock art sites in the Republic of Khakassia. Recently in the region, full of archaeological sites, the widest museum net in Russia in the open air has appeared. The most of them use the sites of the rock art as the main objects of the exhibition. Each museum is described briefly. The specification of the museumification of different rock art objects is analyzed. The general problems of new open-air museums, achievements and bad points are set out. Recommendations for improving the preservation works and using rock art sites are given.

  • НОВАЯ НАДПИСЬ ИЗ ТАХТИ-САНГИНА И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВОСТОЧНОГО ЭЛЛИНИЗМА

    БАЛАХВАНЦЕВ А.С. — 2014 г.

    The article considers an inscription on a clay form for casting a bronze cauldron which was found in the temple Oxa's yard (the settlement Takhti-Sangin, the Southern Tajikistan) in 2007. The complex paleographic analysis of the inscription and its lexical, spelling and syntactic features allows concluding that it is dated the second half of the 1 st century AD. The inscription along with the other data testifies multifunctional and deep influence of Hellenism on the Central Asian community and culture. It also verifies that even after the Greek- Macedonian dynasties fall the Greek language was preserving its high prestige.

  • НОВЫЕ НАХОДКИ КРУГА ВЫЕМЧАТЫХ ЭМАЛЕЙ НА СРЕДНЕМ ДОНУ

    БЕРЕЗУЦКИЙ В.Д., ЗОЛОТАРЕВ П.М. — 2014 г.

    The number of the finds of the champleve enamel set from the territory of the forest steppe Don region has recently been increasing. It proves the advance of communities of the late Zarubinetskiy-Kyiv circle, which is connected to the early Slavs, from the West, away from the territory of Dnieper region to the territory of Don region and further to the East. New finds, especially the bracelets' hoard found near the farm Zhuravka in the Middle Don region and dated back to not earlier than the middle of the 3 rd c., allow adding some information about the time and direction of migrations.

  • НОВЫЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЯ МАЯЦКОГО СЕЛИЩА

    САРАПУЛКИН В.А. — 2014 г.

    In 2008 the archaeological expedition of Belgorod State University under the supervision of the author of the article was excavating the Mayaki ancient settlement. In the process of studying 5 phreatic burials were cleared. All of them were in coffins placed in square pits. The sculls were oriented to the North-West and South-West. In three of the burials the deceased were in supine position, in two others in flexed position on a side. The grave goods of the supine burials are presented with knives and weapon items, the flexed ones with jewelry. Remarkably, in the supine burials the anatomical order of bones was broken. Meanwhile, in the flexed burials almost all the bones were in situ. The obsequies of the barrow look very unusual for pit necropolis of the Saltovo-Mayaki culture. The nearest analogues can be found in the materials of the burial from the excavation area 8 of the Mayaki catacomb necropolis. The connection between the posture of the deceased and its sex and also the content of the grave goods typical for the Alan catacomb burials allow suggesting the Caucasus origin of the obsequies.

  • НОВЫЕ ЭНЕОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ПАМЯТНИКИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ НАХЧЫВАНА

    БАХШАЛИЕВ В.Б. — 2014 г.

    An archaeological research on the territory of Nakhchivan has revealed archaeological monuments concerning various periods of Nakhchivan history. However more research is needed to resolve the nature of the Neolithic culture in Nakhchivan and questions concerning the origin of Chalcolithic culture and Kura-Araxes. In Nakhchivan valley there is a multilayered settlement like Ktiltepe I, dated to the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods, until now in the east part of Nakhchivan new monuments of this period have not been found. At the same time, numerous Chalcolithic settlements have been excavated in Sharur. The apparent lack of Chalcolithic sites especially in the western part of Nakhchivan raises certain questions. In Iranian Azerbaijan in the vicinity of Julfa-Marand numerous Chalcolithic settlements have been located. The absence of similar sites in the east part of Nakhchivan is surprising. However the detection of new Chalcolithic monuments during the research near the Sirab village has shown that monuments of this period have not been investigated till now. The researches have revealed numerous pieces of pottery with chaff temper. The research during the recent years shows that Ubaid ceramics did spread to Nakhchivan, however the local traditions also developed. The researches of the monuments in the vicinity of Sirab show that this territory has been populated from an early period. The rich natural forage, abundant water, and the presence of numerous rocky ledges and caves created a favorable condition for the settlement. Finds of numerous splinters of obsidian queen cell of obsidians and also such minerals of copper as chalcozin and azurite during the survey show that the ancient people knew the environment well and used its mineral. Probably, the desire to reach raw materials encouraged the settlement of this area.

  • НОЖИ СО ВСТАВКАМИ ДАМАССКОЙ СТАЛИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ЧЕХИИ И В ПАМЯТНИКАХ ДРЕВНЕЙ РУСИ

    ГОШЕК И., ЗАВЬЯЛОВ В.И. — 2014 г.

    The article summarizes the studying of the knives with Damascus insets found on the territory of Czechia and ancient Russia. The items display the pinnacle of knives industry. Wider expansion of knives with Damascus insets on the territory of Czechia allows drawing a conclusion of their local manufacturing. In ancient Russian finds such artifacts are unique. That fact argues for their foreign origin.

  • О НЕКОТОРЫХ НОВЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТАХ РАСКОПОК НА ГОРОДИЩЕ ТАХТИ-САНГИН

    КОШЕЛЕНКО Г.А. — 2014 г.

  • О ПОЗДНЕСАРМАТСКИХ БРОНЗОВЫХ ЛИТЫХ КОТЛАХ

    ДЕМИДЕНКО С.В. — 2014 г.

    The article examines bronze cast cauldrons without coasters of the late Sarmatian archaeological culture of the Lower Povolozhye and the South Cisurals in comparison with similar Xiongnu specimens found on the territory of the South Siberia and North China. The analysis of morphological and technological features confirms that in the first centuries AD there were two independent ways of cauldrons manufacturing in Eurasian steepe. One follows the traditions of Savromats-Sarmatians cast traditions while another is of the North China ones. Considering the group of the late Sarmatian cauldrons of the South Cisurals out of the context of identical specimens from the territory of Lower Povolzhye and the Don region and only in the context of the development of Xiongnu cauldrons of the South Siberia and North China as some of the researches do is unjustified.