научный журнал по истории и историческим наукам Российская археология ISSN: 0869-6063

ЩЕРБАКОВ В.Л. — 2014 г.

The article presents the results of the metallographic study of forged pieces of the second half of the 9 th-14 th cc. received in the process of the excavation works of the Suzdal archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences at the ancient settlements of Suzdal Opolye. The revealed technological details of the black metal pieces point at the existence of the connections between rural settlements and developed handicraft industry centres in the period. However this does not eliminate the possibility of the existence of the proper metal-based manufacturing industry.

ДВУРЕЧЕНСКАЯ Н.Д. — 2014 г.

The most widespread type of anthropomorphic figurines in Margiana with the image of the woman with a mirror is considered. On the basis of a Central Asian archaeological expedition's collection, numbering more than 43 copies, it was possible to analyse genesis and evolution of the image in details. Three variants have been allocated which consecutive degradation of an iconographic image is tracked. Thanks to the analysis of an archaeological context and also using the results of the archaeological typology of figurines from Bactria, Margiana and Sogdia, it was possible to limit the disorder of offered interpretations, chronological frameworks established within the late Parthian and the early Sasanian periods. Time of the greatest distribution is dated on a basis stratigraphic data to the 2 rd-3 rd cen

ДЕМЕНТЬЕВА А.С. — 2014 г.

The article is devoted to the observation of the finds of single-side composite combs with metal brackets originated from the collection of the Gnyozdovo archaeological complex. The combs, found in three burials of the Gnyozdovo barrow, have analogues both in the Eastern European and Western European finds. Their appearance and expansion in Eastern Europe and then in Gnyozdovo in the 10 th c. is connected with the descendants from Scandinavia. The combs with brackets from copper alloy are the example of how the domestic objects could serve both as a piece of jewelry and a significant feature of the costume at the same time. Besides, this is a rare case of copying the objects in metal which were traditionally being made from another material.

БОРИСОВ А.В., ГАК Е.И., ХОДЖАЕВА А.К., ЧЕРНЫШЕВА Е.В. — 2014 г.

The article states the results of the overall researches on the rehabilitation of the one-layer settlement Rykan-3 which is considered to be a model dwelling site the Middle Don Region catacomb culture of the 3rd millennium BC in the Eastern European forest-steppe zone. The experience of the discovering of the infrastructural characteristics with the help of the spatial-correlation analysis of the archaeological and natural data has been shown amid the common problems in studying the catacomb community’s settlements. Through this analysis it was possible to find out the principle of a settlement planning under the paleorelief conditions; to define functions and the significance of the core structural objects; to localize zones of the intensive domestic activity, in some cases, to specify the character of such activity, its connections with the common planning and specific land constructions; to correlate the infrastructural characteristics of the settlement with the climatic season. The main result of the systemizing the materials of the research is a structural-functional model of the citizens’ compact accommodation which was made for the first time in respect to the bearers of the catacomb funeral rite.

КОВЫЧЕВ Е.В., КРАДИН Н.Н., НОМОКОНОВА Т.Ю., ХАРИНСКИЙ А.В. — 2014 г.

The article is devoted to the analysis of faunal remains from the cemetery Okoshki I (the Eastern Trans-Baikal region). Analysis is based on the material from 13 graves dated to the Mongolian period of 13 th-14 th cc. AD that were excavated in 2009-2011. Nine graves contained remains of animals, among which bones of domesticated ungulates were most abundant. These bones have been found inside the pits, mounds, and in the direct association with human remains. One of the interesting findings is a presence of certain sheep body parts that were left with some of the deceased individuals in their grave pits. These are tibia (sometime with tarsals), scapula, and lumbar vertebrae. Findings of sheep tibia and other body parts of this animal were also present in other Trans-Baikal graves (in more than a half of them) dated to the second half of the first millennium AD, which point out to the importance of these sheep body parts in the elements of mortuary ritual of this period.

ЛАУХИН С.А., НЕСМЕЯНОВ С.А., НИКОНОВ А.А. — 2014 г.

БЕЛОЦЕРКОВСКАЯ И.В., КУЗЬМИНЫХ С.В. — 2014 г.

БЕЛЕЦКИЙ С.В., ГАЙДУКОВ П.Г. — 2014 г.

ВОСКРЕСЕНСКАЯ Е.В., ГАВРИЛОВ К.Н. — 2014 г.

The article gives the characteristics of the excavations’ results of the third cultural layer of the settlement Khotylevo 6 that belongs to the early age of the Upper Paleolithic. The geomorphological location of the monument, stratigraphic position of the cultural layer and the common planigraphy of finds and technotypological characteristics of the flint industry are described. The conclusions have been made about the Aurignacian like character of the stone industry which simultaneously contains the elements of the Gravettian technocomplex.

ДОБРОВОЛЬСКАЯ М.В., РЕШЕТОВА И.К. — 2014 г.

The article considers new data on anthropological materials from catacomb and pit necropolises of the Sal-tovo-Mayaki culture of the forest steppe and steppe zones in Eastern Europe. The reconstructions of the nutritive traditions of the buried people are staged based on the isotopic analysis of the bone tissue collagen. The intense concentration of C4 plants in their diet is found. That was very likely millet (Panicum mili-aceum). Intergroup differences have been discovered in the collagen isotopic compound. In contrast to the consolidated isotopic specifications defined for the group from the catacomb necropolises there is a highly individual variability fixed in the sets from the pit burials. These facts consider suggesting that the Alans of the forest steppe area of the Don-Donetsk region had stable nutrition traditions, which also proves their common ethnical identity. A huge individual variety in the diets of the buried people from the pit burials of the steppe zone of the region might be connected with the absence of one single nutrition tradition. This gives an opportunity to suppose that it is unjustified to refer people from the pit burials to one ethnical identity.

ЕРШОВА Е.Г. — 2014 г.

By the beginning of colonization the Moskva-river valley by the Corded Ware tribes floodplain vegetation has changed dramatically compared to the previous stage because of the climate change. The pollen data shows that from the beginning of Subboreal the floodplain of the Moskva-river was occupied with mixed coniferous-deciduous forests dominated by spruce. The pollen data from the sites ZBS-4 and RANIS also shows some human disturbance of vegetation, such as partial deforestation of the floodplain. Single and corrupted Cerealia-type and Cannabis-type pollen grains were found in the Fatyanovo cultural layers. The pollen data show that the vegetation disturbances were local and short-term.

КАНТОРОВИЧ А.Р. — 2014 г.

ТРЕЙСТЕР М.Ю. — 2014 г.

Рецензируемая монография А.Х. Пшеничнюка посвящена публикации материалов Филипповского курганного могильника (Илекский р-он Оренбургской обл.), исследовавшегося в 1986-1990 гг. экспедицией ИИЯЛ БФ АН СССР под руководством автора. В течение 5 полевых сезонов было раскопано 17 из 29 курганов могильника. Полученные материалы - предметы вооружения, конского снаряжения, украшения, многочисленные ахеменидские импорты, уникальные золотые и серебряные скульптуры и предметы в “скифо-сибирском” зверином стиле - с самого момента исследования получили широкую известность в России и за рубежом, свидетельством чему являются выставки, проведенные в России, США и Италии в 2000-2003 гг. (см., например, The Golden Deer of Eurasia, 2000; Oro. Il misterio dei Sarmati e de gli Stiti, 2001; Золотые олени Евразии, 2001).

РОМАШКО В.А., СКОРЫЙ С.А., ФИЛИМОНОВ Д.Г. — 2014 г.

Taking into consideration the small amount of early Scythian burials (7 th - 6 th centuries BC) in the steppe zone of the Northern Black Sea region, every new monument arouses considerable interest. The article presents the materials about destroyed burial of a Scythian warrior not far from the village Kitaigorod in Dnieper oblast (the Middle Oryel region, Dnieper Left bank Steppe). The preserved details of a funeral rites and a rare funeral kit, which contains painted table Milesian amphora and a gorytos clasp plated with gold, ornamented with the depictions of lions’ heads are being analyzed thoroughly. The nearest analogue of the later find (the gorytos clasp) is famous to be found in the Melgunovsky burial. The artefacts allow dating the warrior’s burial ground back to 610-600 years BC and see in it the burial place of one of the Early Scythian elitists.

КОРЕНЕВСКИЙ С.Н. — 2014 г.

ВИЗГАЛОВ Г.П., ЖАРНИКОВ З.Ю., КНЯЗЕВА Е.В., КОНОВАЛЕНКО М.В., МЫГЛАН В.С. — 2014 г.

The article is devoted to the questions of the tree-ring analysis use for the dating of the buildings of the Stadukhino prison. The aspects connected witl the location of the wood procurement, cross and calendar dating are also considered. The results of the work have allowed identifying the periods of the prison development in the first half of the 17 th c., the first decade of the 18 th c. and the 1940-s of the 18 th c.

ГАВРИТУХИН И.О. — 2014 г.

The fragment of the pressed strap-mount found at the multilayer settlement Sosnovka IV in Ozyorsk district, Moscow region is published. The strap-mount belongs to the Akalan series which is considered thoroughly in the article. Closer examples belong to the variant 1 dated from 610/620 to the middle of the 7 th century or to the variant close to the finds in Voznesenka of the third third of the 7 th century. The analysis of the historical situation in the Oka river region argues for the dating of the strap-mount to the second - third fourths of the 7 th century and its relation with the Middle Dnieper region. It cannot be ruled out that the strap-mount appeared in the Moscow region much later, for instance, as an imported scrap metal for recasting.

СОЛОВЬЕВ В.С. — 2014 г.

БАЧУРА О.П. — 2014 г.

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the annual husbandry activities dynamics of the inhabitants of the fortified settlements of the Sintashta culture. The materials from 5 settlements are used in this article: Step-noye, Ustye, Kamenny Ambar, Arkaim and Alandskoye. The reconstruction of the seasonal cycles is based on the data of the time of domestic animals death. The season of cattle death was identified with the help of the methods based on the studying of the annual layers in teeth (cement and dentin). It is shown that there was similar seasonal husbandry cycle at the studied settlements of Sintashta culture. The inhabitants were indwelling at the settlement mostly during cold seasons (from autumn to spring or the beginning of summer). At this period cattle was managed and herded not far from the settlements. During summer season the most part of the cattle was herded on areas distinct from the permanent settlements in order to preserve forage base for cold season. In summer there was probably only small part of the population and the others went away with herds. In summer season the number of inhabitants on the territory of Arkaim was bigger than on other territories.

ЛАЗУКИН А.В. — 2014 г.