ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ
INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS
The article has entered in publishing office 18.09.09. Ed. reg. No. 604 Статья поступила в редакцию 18.09.09. Ред. рег. № 604
WATERBORNE TECHNOLOGIES FOR POLYURETHANE COATINGS
12 1 E. Avtomonov, V. Ristic , M. Vollmer
'Bayer MaterialScience AG, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany Fax: +49-2143071173; e-mail: evgueni.avtomonov@bayermaterialscience.com Fax: + +49 2143036498; e-mail: martin.vollmer@bayermaterialscience.com 2A/O Bayer, Bayer MaterialScience, 3-rd Rybinskaya str. 18, build. 2, RUS-107113 Moscow, Russia Fax: +7-4952342056; e-mail: vladmir.ristic.vr@bayer-ag.de
Referred: 28.09.09 Expertise: 03.10.09 Accepted: 08.10.09
Quality, efficiency and environmental protection are the predominant drivers in the coatings market. The demand for green technologies speeds up the shift from solvent-based (solvent-borne) to solvent-free technologies in numerous applications ranging from construction and decorative paints, wood and furniture coatings, metal and plastic coatings to automotive and large vehicle coatings. The aqueous dispersions for coatings (waterborne systems) play the most important role among solvent-free technologies. The current and upcoming VOC legislations of many industrial countries (VOC = volatile organic compounds) are aimed to drastically reduce emitting organic compounds which are harmful to the environment. Not only the statutory limitations but also the self-commitment of many paint manufacturers and users to environmentally friendly technologies facilitate the change from solvent-borne to solvent-free systems. Furthermore, in many market segments as well as in the countries without official regulations green policies appear to exceed by far the legislation requirements in a positive way.
The challenge for the coatings industry and especially for the raw materials suppliers is to translate technical market needs into the "green" chemistry. In particular, the polyurethane chemistry provides an excellent toolbox for the development of aqueous dispersions of binders and polyisocyanates, capable of meeting highest performance requirements in combination with modern and efficient coating processes. Apart from the easier handling the waterborne coatings can even be superior to classical solvent-based systems in certain respects such as e.g. mechanical and chemical resistance or curing time.
Such key words as "Functional Coatings", "Smart Coatings", "Nanotechnology" are often the discussion topic of the experts and it is apparent that waterborne polyurethane systems will play an important role within this context. Functions like "self-healing", "easy-to-clean" or "soft touch" became already famous examples.
Keywords: polyurethane, coatings, aqueous dispersions, waterborne polyurethane, nanotechnology.
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛИУРЕТАНОВЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ НА ВОДНОЙ ОСНОВЕ
Е. Автомонов, В. Ристич, М. Фольмер
Заключение совета рецензентов: 28.09.09 Заключение совета экспертов: 03.10.09 Принято к публикации: 08.10.09
Качество, эффективность и защита окружающей среды являются основными факторами, определяющими рынок покрытий. Спрос на экологически безвредные технологии способствует ускорению перехода от технологий, предусматривающих использование растворителей, к технологиям, не требующим их использования, во многих областях их применения - от покрытий, используемых в строительстве и декоративной отделке, покрытий для дерева и мебели, металлических и полимерных покрытий до покрытий для автомобилей и крупногабаритных транспортных средств. Важнейшую роль среди технологий покрытий без растворителя играют покрытия на основе водных дисперсий (на водной основе). Существующее и развивающееся законодательство в области использования летучих органических соединений (ЛОС) во многих промышленно развитых странах направлено на радикальное снижение их применения как экологически вредных веществ. Переходу от технологий с использованием растворителей к технологиям без растворителей способствуют не только законодательные ограничения, но и курс на применение экологически безвредных технологий, принятый для себя многими изготовителями и потребителями лакокрасочной продукции. Кроме того, во многих сегментах рынка и в странах, где отсутствует официальное регулирование, политика защиты окружающей среды, по-видимому, шагнула далеко вперед по сравнению с законодательными требованиями, что играет положительную роль.
Перед лакокрасочной промышленностью, а особенно перед поставщиками сырья, стоит непростая задача перевода технических рыночных нужд в русло «зеленой» химии. В частности, химия полиуретанов открывает замечательные возможности для развития технологии получения водных дисперсий связующих и полиизоцианатов, способных обеспечить соответствие самым высоким эксплуатационным требованиям в совокупности с современными и эффективными технологиями нанесения покрытий. В дополнение к простоте использования покрытия на водной основе могут превосходить классические составы на основе растворителя по определенным параметрам, таким как механическая и химическая стойкость или продолжительность отвердевания.
Такие ключевые словосочетания, как «функциональные покрытия», «умные покрытия», «нанотехнологии», часто становятся предметом обсуждений среди специалистов, и очевидно, что полиуретановые составы на водной основе будут играть в этой связи важную роль. Такие возможности, как «самовосстановление», «легкоочищаемость» и «сенсорные свойства», стали уже хорошо известными примерами.
Ключевые слова: полиуретан, покрытия, водные дисперсии, полиуретан на водной основе, нанотехнологии.
International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology № 4 (84) 2010
© Scientific Technical Centre «TATA», 2010
Evgeny Avtomonov Evgeny Avtomonov
Evgeny Avtomonov studied Chemistry at the M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia, 1988-1993) and received his PhD in Chemistry from the Philipps-University of Marburg (Germany) in 1996. After post-doctoral research stays in Italy and Germany (University of Venice and Philipps-University of Marburg) he joined A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS) in 1998 at which he was head of a research group at the Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds. In 1999 he started his industrial career with Bayer AG in Leverkusen (Germany) as head of research laboratory of Bayer's Central Research and Development Department. Then he worked in different leading research & development positions. In 2008 he moved to the Business Unit "Coatings, Adhesives and Specialties" of Bayer MaterialScience AG as the Head of the Segment "Product&Process Development" within the Marketing and Business Development Dispersions.
Vladimir Ristic studied Industrial Engineering and received his B.Sc in mechanical engineering in 1996 at the University of Belgrade (Serbia). He also holds a master's in business administration from the Faculty of Economics, Finance and Administration (FEFA) in Belgrade. After studies he started his industrial career in rubber industry, company FGP Rekord in design equipment bureau and then worked as technical marketing manager in company UTI. He joined Bayer Serbia in 2003 as sales manager and was later responsible for marketing and sales in Southeast Europe. Then he worked at Bayer MaterialScience Germany in Business Unit "Coatings, Adhesives and Specialties" in marketing and sales. Currently, he is the country representative of Business Unit "Coatings, Adhesives and Specialties" in CIS responsible for marketing and sales of products for coatings, adhesives, functional films and carbon nano tubes.
Vladimir Ristic
Martin Vollmer studied Chemistry and received his PhD in chemistry from the University of Stuttgart (Germany) in 1996. After a post-doctoral research at the Scripps Institute in La Jolla (California, U.S.) he started his industrial career with Bayer AG in Leverkusen (Germany) in 1999 as head of research laboratory of Bayer's Central Research and Development Department. Then he worked at Corporate Development and Strategic Planning Department for several years and later he moved to the Business Unit "Coatings, Adhesives and Specialties" and held several leading positions in Research & Development. Until December 2009 he was the Head of Marketing and Business Development Dispersions and was responsible for Research, Development, Application testing and Marketing of aqueous product lines for coatings and adhesives markets.
Martin Vollmer
Legislative regulations on VOC and trends to green technologies, Green Policies
In the modern global coatings market the ratio of the solvent-borne systems predominates and accounts for ca. 60% of the total [1]. The need to use organic solvents (or diluents) in solvent-based systems is twofold: on the one hand, it is necessary to dilute the high molecular and, hence, viscous polymer for better handling and applicability, while, on the other hand, the addition of organic solvents helps also to obtain a homogeneous high quality film of the coating material on the substrate at a given application temperature. The coated film is subsequently dried and hardened upon evaporation of the solvent either at ambient or at elevated temperature. The use of high amounts of volatile organic solvents (Volatile Organic Compounds = VOC) negatively affects the occupational hygiene and the environment. A considerable part of environmentally relevant VOC emissions in Western Europe are estimated to stem from the coating applications containing organic solvents. It
is, however, expected that the fraction of solvent-borne coatings will decrease and might drop down to 50% by 2014. Environmentally friendly technologies such as waterborne coatings, radiation curable systems, powder coatings as well as high solids-systems with highly reduced solvent content are on the way up. This development is not driven solely by legislative confinements with respect to VOC emissions but also by increased ecol
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