70th Anniversary of Liberation from Nazis
Celebrated in Crimea
The Russian Republic of Crimea celebrated the 70th anniversary of the start of an offensive operation of Soviet troops in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 — 1945 that resulted in the liberation of the peninsula from Nazi invaders. In this offensive operation the Soviet Union regained control over one of the most important regions and restored the city of Sevastopol which is the main Russian naval base in the Black Sea. The end of the Battle of Crimea is celebrated on May 12, the day when the remaining German troops laid down weapons on Cape Khersones in the city of Sevastopol, and having lost more than 100,000
servicemen.
The final assault on Sevastopol began on June 7, 1942. By June 17, after fierce fighting, the German troops were able to turn the tide in their favour. Germany's Army Group South captured the so-called "Eagle's Nest" and went to the foot of Mount Sapun. On the same day number of other strongholds also fell. This meant that the German artillery
was able to bombard the North Bay, and it became impossible to bring reinforcements or supplies. However, the inner ring of defence had rested, and the Maritime Army made the decision to evacuate commanders and leaders at the end of June - by this time the defenders of Sevastopol had run out of ammunition. After the evacuation of commanders, isolated pockets of resistance held out until July 9-10. Sevastopol survived a long time (250 days). The 11th German army under the command of Erich von Manstein constantly exerted strong external pressure.
The Soviet troops liberated Armyansk on April 8, 1944, Simferopol, Feodosia and Yevpatoria on April 13, Sudak, Alushta and Bakhchisarai on April 14,
Yalta on April 16 and so on. Memorial events were held in all the cities. Sevastopol celebrated its anniversary of liberation (May 9, 1944) on the same day as Victory Day
The anniversary of the end of the battle for Crimea is marked on May 12, when remaining Nazi troops surrendered on Cape Khersones.
For Crimean residents, the celebrations are symbolic, because the anniversary of the liberation of the peninsula is marked amid the elimination of a threat of neo-Nazi manifestations on the soil that suffered in the fight against fascism. Tens of thousands civilians on the peninsula died in the war, 130 settlements were wiped out and more than 300 industrial enterprises were destroyed.
Celebrations began in the northern Crimean city of Armyansk, where the liberation operation was launched. The celebrations then spread to all other areas where fierce battles were held - the resort cities of Feodosia and Yevpatoria, Sudak, Alushta, Bakhchisaray and Yalta. People who died were commemorated in a minute of silence in the Crimean capital Simferopol. A fireworks display was also staged in the city. Remembrance prayers at churches were dedicated to Crimean liberators. Remains of Soviet fighters were reburied.
Three other Crimean cities — Kerch, Dzhankoi and Krasnoperekopsk - also marked the 70th anniversary since the liberation from Nazi invaders in 1944. Kerch, Dzhankoi and Krasnoperekopsk were freed from Nazi occupation at the beginning of the Soviet troops' Crimean liberation operation which lasted from April 8 to May 12, 1944. For the first time, the date was marked on the peninsula under the Russian state three-colour flag.
Commemoration events in the Hero City of Kerch began, when the remains of 39 Soviet soldiers, found in search near the city in the autumn of 2013, were
Russia's Crimea begins restoration of military monuments
reburied at a military cemetery. A flower-laying ceremony at the Eternal Flame at Glory Square was also held in the city.
During World War II, Kerch was almost completely destroyed. The title of Hero City was awarded to Kerch in 1973.
In Dzhankoi, commemorations began with a meeting and flower-laying ceremonies at memorial sites. Later on, war veterans met with schoolchildren, there were history lessons, excursions to museums, a memorial relay and other events. The city's streets, squares and memorials were cleaned up in time for the events.
The Nazi occupation of Dzhankoi lasted 893 days. Thousands of Soviet war prisoners were killed in Nazi camps, and thousands more were shot dead on the northern outskirts of the city. Many Dzhankoi residents were driven to Germany for work.
Krasnoperekopsk was almost razed to the ground. Liberation Day is the second birthday for the city. There was a meeting on the city's central square, a concert and a fireworks display.
Odessa in southern Ukraine marked the 70th anniversary of liberation amid the complicated political situation in the country.
Источники:
http://en.itar-tass.com/russia
http://www.russkiymir.ru
http://voiceofrussia.com
http://www.freerepublic.com
Составитель Полухина О.В.
Сведения о составителе: Полухина Ольга Викторовна, редактор журнала «Иностранные языки в школе», Москва.
E-mail: editor@flsmozaika.ru
Ключевые слова: 70th anniversary of Liberation, the Russian Republic of Crimea, Sevastopol.
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