научная статья по теме D. p. Oznobishin and «Severnaya Lira» Биология

Текст научной статьи на тему «D. p. Oznobishin and «Severnaya Lira»»

DOI: 10.12731/wsd-2014-9.2-13 UDC 82-194

D.P. OZNOBISHIN AND «SEVERNAYA LIRA» Dyrdin A.A., Korukhova L.V.

This article deals with the systematic factual statement of D.P. Oznobishin s literary biography that has to do with S.E. Raich's Translation School: publishing activity and work on the miscellany «Severnaya Lira» (1827).

Keywords: Moscow Translation School; D.P. Oznobishin-translator; S.E. Raich's School; «SevernayaLira».

Д.П. ОЗНОБИШИН И «СЕВЕРНАЯ ЛИРА» Дырдин А.А., Корухова Л.В.

Данная статья посвящена систематическому изложению фактов из литературной биографии Д.П. Ознобишина, которые непосредственно связаны с переводческой школой С.Е. Раича: издательская деятельность и работа над альманахом «Северная лира на 1827 год».

Ключевые слова: московская переводческая школа; Д.П. Ознобишин-переводчик; школа С.Е. Раича; «Северная лира».

To begin with, studying D.P. Oznobishin's works tends to be of great interest to many modern researchers and has to do with some vital issues of several scientific schools [see: 1-10]. That proves the importance of this article. It should also be stressed that Oznobishin's publishing activity has not been studied properly. That is why lack of special summary works on this theme let us consider this very research to be of some novelty.

This paper is aimed at summarizing the facts from D.P. Oznobishin's literary biography, which are related to poet's publishing activity and his work on «Severnaya Lira».

There is no doubt that Oznobishin's acquaintance and communication with S.E. Raich (1792-1855) - a poet, a translator and a connoisseur of ancient and Italian poetry - is the most important event in his literary life. It is significant to emphasize that Oznobishin's ideological and artistic growth as a translator is closely connected with a name of Raich whose tutorship had a fruitful impact on his poetic skills. The talented teacher was able to see some creative potential in his pupil and stimulated Oznobishin's interest in translations from Oriental languages in many ways. It is well-known that the Oriental tendency in Oznobishin's translation works was imposed by Raich's ideas that consisted in advancing the Oriental style in Russian literature and enriching the Russian literary language with new poetic expressions, turns of speech, words and images.

The interest in translations, aroused in «Obshchestvo druzey», was shown in Oznobishin's practice in many ways: not only in his translations and theoretical articles about them but also in the work with some translation materials of his contemporaries in the literary miscellany «Severnaya Lira». It should be stressed that Raich's tutorship

with Oznobishin was not limited by the lessons in the literary society; they also worked together on the journal as its poets and publishers. As P.A. Vyazemskii's review on their literary miscellany goes: «Mr. Raich, one of the publishers of «Severnaya Lira», is well known to the readers; the other one seems to be talented. Judging by some passages, the latter is interested in Oriental literature. Studying it is sure to be of great use for us if it is done carefully and fully» (Translation. - A.D., L.K.) [11, р. 223].

First and foremost, it should be noted that this interest in Oriental poetry was typical for the literary life of that epoch. That is why the selection of translation material to be allowed for publishing in the miscellany is revealing. A mention should be made that «Severnaya Lira» was full of Oriental works. Eastern elements made the journal more colourful and marked it out among other editions of that time. It is extremely significant that the Orient theme was important for Oznobishin. He was deeply impressed by the content, magnificent pictures and images of the Oriental literary works. Consequently his turn to works with eastern elements was not fortuitous. It has to do with Raich's translation ideas. Oznobishin's poetic talent was being developed in that direction. He aimed at enriching the poetic arsenal of his contemporary Russian poetry with motives, touches and images of Oriental poetry. Being typical for 20-30-s of the XIXth century, the interest in the Eastern literature revealed itself not only in Ozno-bishin's works but in other Oriental materials of «Severnaya Lira» as well.

We should be aware of the fact that being involved in publishing activity the young literary man had a chance to become acquainted with new men of letters and their publications, including transla-

tions. In its turn, this helped Oznobishin to be well-informed about the literary novelties, to keep abreast of modern directions of aesthetic thoughts and artistic criticism. In addition, being in the literary circle within the publishing activity, he could share his translation findings with others and listen to mature poets' wise pieces of advice.

A mention should be made about the role of the journal in advancing the translation heritage of the young literary man that helped him to get involved in the poetical movement of that time. Oznobishin published his seven poems in the miscellany «Severnaya Lira», including five translations. Three of them were made from Arabic and Farsi: «Nama», «Vesna», «Oda Gafiza». Besides, there were some translations of European poets made by Oznobishin as well. Thus, being published in the miscellany Oznobishin's translations became known to Russian literary society.

It should also be noted that the prevalence of translations over original works and a great number of Oriental materials were not to the miscellany's advantage. The Oriental pathos of these works became the object of harsh criticism of the following literary men: P.A. Vyazemskiy [see: 11], M.N. Rozhalin [see: 12], A.S. Pushkin [see: 13]. These facts seem to be the evidence of the contemporaries' interest in the miscellany and may be interpreted from the positive side.

Being aware of historical importance of such kind of editions A.S. Pushkin pointed out: «Miscellanies have become the representatives of our literature. In the future they are sure to represent its development and success» (Translation. - A.D., L.K.) [13, c. 233]. Indeed, this edition is of great interest because it gives a clear picture of Moscow literary conception. Here we can find translations as well as original works of our Russian authors.

It is significant that «Severnaya Lira» tends to be the printed organ of Raich's literary society which puts an end to certain period in the history of Moscow literary life. This edition is of some interest because it represents the translation ideas of the members of «Obshchestvo druzey» who made up the considerable layer of Moscow literature of that time. By the by, as P.A.Vayazemskiy once said: «Severnaya Lira» may be considered to be the representative of Moscow Muse. The authors who wrote in it belong to Moscow Parnassus for the most part. I don't know if I may say that they belong to Moscow school though I am sure that some distinguishing features could be found in our young literary generation» (Translation. - A.D., L.K.) [11, p. 223]. Thus, the careful study of the miscellany «Severnaya Lira» will help us to understand the arrangement of the literary force, to define the role of Moscow Translation School in the development of Russian literature in the 20-30-s of the XIXth century.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the development of translated poetry in the 20-30-s of the XIXth century (in which Oznobishin's publishing activity played an important part) paved the way for the higher-level phenomena of artistic man understanding and nationalism. Studying them thoroughly is sure to deepen the translation idea in the science of our country. It is essentially significant to pay attention to the miscellany «Severnaya Lira» that turned to be a remarkable phenomenon of Russian literature in the context of poetical culture of the early XIXth century.

In this article we tried to outline D.P. Oznobishin's creative and publishing activity in the 20-30-s of the XIXth century focusing our attention on those points that are essential in forming a poet as a translator. However, it is not enough if we want to decide the question of

reconstructing the overall picture of Oznobishin's translation activity. We need some conscious theoretical statement of the translation principles and general translation concept that will allow us to speak about the peculiarities of poet's translation works. We dare say that some of these ideas can be found in our previous papers [see: 14-15] and will be further developed in the future.

Undoubtedly, Oznobishin's contribution to Russian and foreign literature is considerable and should be taken into consideration because studying poet's translation activity is sure to broaden the translation idea of the XlXth century.

It is obvious that Oznobishin's heritage is of certain historical, cultural and literary value and is worth being studied thoroughly. It is necessary for our contemporary scientists to do a lot of studies and keep on analyzing Oznobishin's literary works (including translations), the work that T.M. Gol'ts began in the second half of the XXth century.

References

1. Zhatkin D.N., Yashina T.A. Stikhotvorenie Tomasa Mura «Oh! Breathe not his name» v russkikh perevodakh XIX - nachala XX veka [Thomas Moore's poem «Oh! Breathe not his name» in Russian translations of the 19th - early 20th centuries]. Vestnik Lenin-gradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A.S. Pushkina [Herald of the Leningrad State University after A.S. Pushkin], 2011, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 219-228.

2. Korukhova L.V. D.P. Oznobishin: istoki perevodcheskogo mas-terstva [D.P. Oznobishin: the background of his translation skills. Vestnik Tambovskogo Universiteta. Ser. Gumanitarnye nauki

[Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities], 2011, is. 5 (97), pp. 260-264.

3. Korukhova L.V. Otsenki tvorchestva D.P. Oznobishina s is-toricheskoy distantsii [The avaluation of D.P. Oznobis

Для дальнейшего прочтения статьи необходимо приобрести полный текст. Статьи высылаются в формате PDF на указанную при оплате почту. Время доставки составляет менее 10 минут. Стоимость одной статьи — 150 рублей.

Показать целиком