научный журнал по истории и историческим наукам Вестник древней истории ISSN: 0321-0391

ЕМЕЛЬЯНОВ В.В. — 2009 г.

КОРОЛЕНКОВ A.B. — 2009 г.

ОЧИР-ГОРЯЕВА М.А. — 2009 г.

The author undertakes an analysis of burial monuments in five regions of Eurasia of the Scythian time: the North Pontic area, the Lower Volga region, the Southern Urals, the Semirechye region and the Highland Altai. She explores various types of correlation between the position of horse graves and harness in the upper part of the complexes and the «master's» grave, additional graves and remnants of funeral feasts. Special attention is paid to the constructions around the kurgans, such as stone circles and rows of vertical stelae. As a result, she reveals two types of orientation used by the nomads of the Scythian epoch.

КАНТОР Г.М. — 2009 г.

The accepted theory of the provincial affiliation of the Aegean islands, going back to the work of F. Hiller von Gaetringen, is that all the islands included in the Diocletianic prouincia insularum had formed a part of the province of Asia ever since its organisation by Manius Aquillius in 129-126 ВС. In this article it is argued that it cannot apply to for the islands not mentioned as part of the prouincia Asia in the Geography of Ptolemy (with the possible exception of Andros) for the period before the mid-2nd century AD. when the procuratorial district of Caria et Cyclades appears. It is suggested that this change occurred in the reign of Hadrian, who is known to have made other territorial adjustments in the region and, therefore, should be considered separately from the reforms of the organisation of Asia that took place under Marcus Aurelius. The importance of this conclusion for our assessment of Ptolemy's data is emphasized.

АКИМОВА Л.И. — 2009 г.

ЛИВШИЦ В. А. — 2009 г.

The paper presents a survey of extant texts and glosses in the Khwarezmian language and of the studies devoted to them.

СМИРНОВ С.В. — 2009 г.

The main subject of this article is an investigation of the origin of the co-regency institution in the Seleucid kingdom. Taking as a source some works of ancient writers (Appian and Plutarch), Babylonian documents (chronicles and astronomical diaries), epigraphical and numismatical data, special importance of this institution during the early period of Seleucid kingdom formation could be evidently observed. The processes in social, economical, ideological sphere, and the condition of domestic and foreign policy in the Seleucus state (from the end of IV BCE till the beginning of III BCE) could be regarded as the reasons for the origination of co-regency.

КАРПЮК С.Г. — 2009 г.

Данная работа выполнена при поддержке РГНФ (проект 07-01-00050а «Геродот и Фукидид: зарождение исторической науки в древней Греции и специфика античного историзма»).

КАЗЕРТАНО ДЖ. — 2009 г.

On a souvent taxé la «ville belle» que Platon décrit dans République d'utopisme, d'un utopisme parmi les plus fantastiques ou fanatiques, et «artificiels», que l'«idéalisme» platonicien ait jamais conçu. Au contraire, le discours platonicien a une riguer de démonstration qui a bien peu de parallèles possibles dans les autres démonstrations, у comprises celles de thèses et doctrines importantes, comme la théorie des idées ou celle de l'âme. Le déplacement de la discussion sur la justice du champ individuel au champ social et politique dans les livres II et III avait donné lieu a la délinéation d'unveritable histoire économique et sociale des groupements humains. Le livre IV s'ouvre justement avec une question d'Adimante, un des interlocuteurs principaux du dialogue, à Socrate: comment pourras-tu te justifier si l'on t'objectera que tu ne rends ement heureux (419a2: eudaimonas) ces hommes? Ils sont les véritables maîtres de la ville mais il n'en tirent aucun profit. La réponse de Socrate est déjà une première description de l'horizon dans lequel on développera l'argument qui va suivre: un horizon double, on pourrait dire, qui se fonde justement sur l'opposition entre aujourd'hui et demain. Dans l'horizon de cette opposition, on renverse révolutionnairement la façon usuelle de penser: c'est l'aujourd'hui en effet qui représente le «paraître», et c'est le demain à se présenter en tant que «être»; ou mieux, le demain est une réalité qui n'est pas celle d'aujourd'hui, mais est elle-même située dans l'horizon du «devoir-être». L'aujourd'hui, dans cette perspective, a justement le caractère de l'«absence» d'une ville vraie. C'est seulement lorsque le changement de l'ordre politique de la ville sera réalisé, qu'on pourra constater la bonté réelle des solutions proposées et elles seront conséquemment possibles, c'est-à-dire qu'elles pourront être concrètement réalisées.

БОЙЦОВ М.А. — 2009 г.

The article reconstructs the circumstances and events of the well-known episode of 390, starting from the revolt in Thessaloniki. Ambrose could not have acted as a spokesman for the public indignation caused by the savage reprisal in Thessaloniki (of which only very few people could know). It is highly probable that he was the first to inform the Church council about the massacre. The public opinion for which he spoke in his letter was probably formed by himself. A new analysis of the letter (extra coll. 11) has revealed the true meaning of an underestimated passage consisting mostly of Biblical citations. The choice of citations, their order and context make it possible to consider this part of the letter as the central one. It is there that Ambrose formulated his demands: (1) Theodosius must acknowledge his sin and repent, (2) his repentance must be public, (3) he must repent of having murdered innocent people. Even a threat could be read between the lines: if Theodosius did not repent, God's wrath would befall his descendants. Many opinions were uttered concerning the form and duration of Theodosius' penitence. Comparing the situation with that described in Actus Silvestri, the author shows that even a short period of seven days could have been considered sufficient for the emperor who had committed a grave sin. Five years later Ambrose depicted Theodosius' repentance in De obitu Theodosii in quite a different way. To support the succession of Theodosius' son Honorius (who presumably inherited his fathers virtues), Ambrose represented the Emperor's repentance as an act of humility ennobling him. Since then, the scenes of monarch's repentance have developed into an important element of representing the power of an ideal Christian ruler.

КУЗЬМИНА Е.Е. — 2009 г.

ЯКОБСОН В. А. — 2009 г.

The article treats some general trends in time-reckoning through ancient history and different models of its periodization.

БУХАРИН M. Д. — 2009 г.

Contemporary studies in historical geography have not yet elaborated any convincing idea of the origin of the notion of the «Red Sea». In general, they follow the efforts of the Classical thought to find this origin in the «redness» of the natural colour of surrounding water or sand. From the other side it is supposed that the «Southern» sea in Iranian tradition must have been seen as «red» (while the «Northern» one as black) and this was spread throughout the ancient world. However, neither the blackness of the Northern sea nor the redness of the Southern sea can be supported by ancient sources. In the geographical scheme of Herodotus the Red Sea is represented in the west, south and east of the Oikumene. A good deal of relevant information can be found in cosmogonical myths of ancient Greek, Scandinavian, Indian and Iranian traditions. With some variations they report the struggle between a «hero» (Kronos in ancient Greece, Odin and other gods in Scandinavia, Indra - in ancient India and Traitaona in ancient Iranian tradition) and his opponent (Uranos in ancient Greece, Imir in Scandinavia, Vrtra in India and Dahaka in ancient Iran), whose blood is flowing into the «waters», i.e. into the «Outer Sea». In the Iranian tradition farn - the royal celestial shining - falls into the Surrounding sea, which thus becomes red.

АРТЮХОВА Т.А. — 2009 г.

The paper deals with one of the most unusual specimen of early Byzantine hagiography, the Greek Life of Saint Theodore of Sykeon (BHG 1748) composed in the mid-640's by his disciple George, and aims to examine in which way its protagonist as well as its author perceived and interpreted their common pagan past. The author focuses on such an overlooked literary aspect of the Life as typology of miracles (chiefly on various cases of miraculous healing and exorcism) and comes to the conclusion that the hagiographer's attitude towards ancient (i.e. pagan) medical science is not exclusively unfavorable, as it would be natural to assume. On the contrary, in several episodes, instead of condemning secular medicine, the saint praises it and the hagiographer uses ancient medical termini technici with freedom. These and other data presented in the paper provide us with new valuable information concerning the hagiographer's personality (education, etc.) and the perception of ancient cultural heritage in Asia Minor in Late Antiquity in general.

СМОРЧКОВ А.М. — 2009 г.

The article deals with two problems: the character of dictatorship with religious purposes (especially clavi figendi causa) and the sacral content of dictio. The research has shown that religious tasks fulfilled by dictators belonged to the consul's competence, as well as in other cases of dictatorship imminuto iure. This can also apply to the rite of «driving a nail», an extraordinary magical ritual. Its association to the dictator's power was due to a precedent fixed because of the sacral principle post hoc ergo propter hoc. Religious requirements during dictio referred not to dictio itself but to the auspices preceding it. Essentially, the act of dictio did not differ from that of renuntiatio of the winner at the electoral comitia. It has nothing to do either with the cooptation or with the inauguration of a priest. The sacral content of dictio was in principle like any other action of the consul. Consuls' exclusive right to appoint dictators can be explained by the original sacral and political status of this republican magistrate as successor to the royal power. The absence of clear and definite data as to the magical content or perception of magistrates' power is due to the processes which had first led to the expulsion of the kings and then to the development of civitas.

2009

2009

МОЛЕВ Е.А. — 2009 г.

Scythians played an important role in the political history of Bosporus since its beginning to the fall of the Spartokids. During this period the relations between Scythian and Bosporan rulers were developing, which led to a military and political alliance supported by dynastic marriages. Scythian nobility joined the ranks of Bosporan aristocracy. This ultimately resulted in the desire of the former to take control over the state, which caused the so-called Saumakos' revolt.

НИКОЛАЕВ А.Н. — 2009 г.

The article is devoted to the analysis of textual and emblematic records of offerings on ancient Egyptian stelae of the first four dynasties. The study covers more than 50 monuments. Four major groups can be distinguished in the composition: the main offering list in front of the face of the slab's owner, offerings under the table, various kinds of cloths and granaries. Numerous types of bread, vessels and oil dominate the repertoire. An increasing number of designations of food indicates growing share of the state in the supply of the cult.

БОГДАНОВ И. В. — 2009 г.

The article presents an analysis of the inscriptions on cylinder seals from the times of I-III dynasties (13 examples) and IV-V dynasties (about 30 examples), where the term hr(jt)-e is used in the meaning of «certified» or «(somebody) authenticates». This term is adopted from everyday vocabulary in the archaic period. It's the oldest bureaucratic term, used for confirmation of economical transaction. The notion hr(jw)-e «visa, control mark» and its derivatives disappear from the texts not earlier than the reign of the king Jzzj.